ABSTRACT
Emphysematous pyelonephritis is a rare life-threatening suppurative necrotising infection of the renal parenchyma and perirenal tissue producing abscess formation and intrarenal gas. It is almost always seen in diabetics, making it a concern of the physician. A high index of suspicion is required for diagnosis and a combined approach has significantly reduced the mortality.
Subject(s)
Diabetes Complications , Emphysema/diagnosis , Humans , Kidney Papillary Necrosis/diagnosis , PrognosisSubject(s)
Humans , Insulinoma/pathology , Male , Middle Aged , Pancreatic Neoplasms/pathology , Tomography, X-Ray ComputedABSTRACT
We report on an elderly lady in the sixth decade of life with congenital Gerbode's defect who refused surgery. She has atrial fibrillation, massive cardiomegaly and repeated episodes of lower respiratory tract infection.
Subject(s)
Cardiomegaly/etiology , Diagnosis, Differential , Dyspnea/etiology , Echocardiography, Transesophageal , Female , Heart Septal Defects, Ventricular/complications , Heart Sounds , Humans , Middle AgedABSTRACT
The present study attempts to find a correlation between low serum B-12 levels and dementias. A total of 178 patients of dementia were seen at the cognitive disorder clinic from 1996 to 1998. Serum B-12 levels were studied in 100 patients. 15 patients (39.5%) of Alzheimer's dementia had reduced B-12 levels, while only 5 patients (13.9%) with vascular dementias and 3 patients (11.5%) with other types of dementias had reduced levels. The incidence of low serum B-12 was statistically significant in the Alzheimer's group when compared with the other groups, individually as well as combined together (p<0.05). The aetiopathogenesis and significance of these findings is discussed and the literature is reviewed.
Subject(s)
Aged , Alzheimer Disease/blood , Dementia/blood , Dementia, Vascular/blood , Humans , Middle Aged , Vitamin B 12/bloodABSTRACT
Mental retardation due to fragile X syndrome is one of the genetic disorders caused by triplet repeat expansion. CGG repeat involved in this disease is known to exhibit polymorphism even among normal individuals. Here we describe the development of suitable probes for detection of polymorphism in CGG repeat at FMR1 locus as well as the diagnosis of fragile X syndrome. Using these methods polymorphism at the FMR1 locus has been examined in 161 individuals. Ninety eight patients with unclassified mental retardation were examined, of whom 7 were found to have the expanded (CGG) allele at the FMR1 locus. The hybridization pattern for two patients has been presented as representative data.